Image: UBC
It was while flipping through British Columbia’s seismic upgrade guidelines at the beginning of his civil engineering master’s degree that Salman Soleimani-Dashtaki first realized something was amiss.
He noticed that retrofitting schools to protect them from earthquakes almost always involved tearing down and replacing masonry walls — a costly and time-consuming process.
Six years later, the PhD candidate at the University of British Columbia has come up with a form of spray-on concrete that keeps walls in place. Researchers say the concrete will keep schools safe from the most powerful earthquakes and cut the cost of seismic retrofits.
The new material allows masonry walls to withstand up to three times the strongest earthquake expected on Canada’s West Coast. One test structure sprayed with a 10-millimetre layer kept it from crumbling in a simulation that mimicked the magnitude 9 quake that hit Japan in 2011, Soleimani-Dashtaki said.
Prof. Nemy Banthia, who oversaw the project, said B.C. gets 2,500 of the 4,000 tremors Canada experiences annually.
“Earthquakes don’t kill people. It’s the buildings that kill people,” he said, adding that old masonry structures are the most at risk to fail.
The new material will be used in the next few weeks to retrofit a Vancouver elementary school. Researchers say they hope to expand the application to other buildings around the province.
The B.C. government has earmarked 346 schools for seismic upgrades, but a progress report in August indicated retrofits had yet to be completed in more than half of them.
“If you look at our B.C. schools, you will see miles and miles of unreinforced masonry corridor walls,” Banthia said.
“During an earthquake, these are the corridor walls that would collapse and these are the ones where our children would suffer casualties.”
University president Santa Ono lauded the project as not only innovative but economical.
“What’s remarkable is that this costs half of the cost of a standard retrofit,” he said.
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